What is Network Topology? Discuss different types of Network Topology

Network Topology : 
                                     The physical arrangement of modes in a network is called network topology. This defines the structure of a network. It means how the modes or computer are physically situated in the network.

Types :

The types of Network topology are : 

1. Bus Topology

2. Ring Topology

3. Star Topology

4. Tree Topology

5. Mesh Topology

6. Hybrid Topology



1. Buys Topology : 
                                   Bus networks use a single networking or connecting wire called backbone to which all the node or computers are peripheral devices are attached.

Advantages :

i) Easier to construct

ii) Cheaper than to other networks

iii) Less noise in data transmission.


Disadvantages : 

i) If one computer or backbone is demaged than whole system/network failed.

ii) More management cost.



2. Ring Topology : 
                                 The ring topology connects the nodes of network in a circular chain with each node connected to the next. The final node in the chain is connected the ring.


Advantages : 

i) Connection structure is simple

ii) Less costly to other network.

iii) Less chance of collision. 

Disadvantages : 

i) It is unreliable.

ii) If the connection is broker than the network is collapse.


3. Star Topology : 
                                 In this topology all computers arev connected to a central switch called HUB. A HUB is the central centrolling device.


Advantages : 

i) Intelligent HUB can monitor traffic and helps to privent collision.

ii) In star topology broker, connection cannot effect the whole network.


Disadvantages : 

i) If the HUB is demaged the whole network collapse.


4. Tree Topology :
                                 Tree is used multipoint link. Nodes ia a tree are linked to a central HUB that controls the traffic to the network. Not every devices plug directly into the central HUB. Majority devices are connected to secondary HUB.


Advantages :

i) Les expensive than mesh topology.

ii) Easy to installation and reconfigureation.

iii) Include robustness.

iv) Easy to fault isolation and fault identification.


Disadvantages :

i) More cable is reguired than  ring and bus topology.



5. Mesh Topology : 
                                   The types of topology where each nodes are directly connected with another nodes. 


Advantages :

i) Most reliable.

ii) Each computer is connected another without any disturbing.


Disadvantages :

i) Costly

ii) Difficult to construct.


6. Hybrid Topology : 
                                      Here, a pure star or ring or completely connected network is rarely used. Instead, an organization will use some sort of hybrid network,which is a combination of two or more different network topologies.


Advantages :

i) It is reliable.

ii) Less cheaper of collision.

Disadvantages : 

i) More expensive

ii) Difficult to construct. 
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